The unique setting of highly variable geology, hilly terrain, intense seasonal rainfall and dense urban development has left Hong Kong facing persistent challenge of landslide risk. This calls for a development and continuous improvement of slope engineering practice and landslide risk management. Before the early twentieth century, Hong Kong was still a small fishing village. It was not until the 1950s, significant population growth has driven extensive civil engineering and building works. This was also accompanied by the formation of tens of thousands potentially substandard man-made slopes. Apart from potentially substandard man-made slopes, Hong Kong is faced with the insidious natural terrain landslide hazards posed by the steep terrain, much of which is only marginally stable. Arising from numerous rain-induced catastrophic landslides in the 1970s, a centralized control organization, namely Geotechnical Engineering Office was established in 1977 to manage the overall landslide risk in Hong Kong. Since then, the slope engineering practice was revolutionized from purely experienced-based empirical approach to a soundly engineering-based analytical framework, and a comprehensive slope safety system was established to manage landslide risk. In this keynote, Dr Cheung would present the evolution of slope engineering and landslide risk management in Hong Kong over the past century. The engineering practice and management system has kept advancing holistically to strengthen its resilience against climate change impacts through mastering cutting-edge innovation and technology. These include enhancing overall slope and landslide management, improving landslide prediction capability, strengthening emergency preparedness and response, and enhancing community resilience against extreme rainstorms using state-of-the-art technologies such as advanced remote sensing techniques, numerical modelling algorithms, Internet of Things, digital twins, spatial analyses and 3D visualization, machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms and virtual reality concepts in landslide.